History of Garland, Texas

Garland, Texas, a vibrant city in the Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex, boasts a rich history that reflects the broader story of Texas and the United States. From its early Native American roots to its development into a bustling suburban community, Garland’s history is a tapestry of cultural evolution, economic growth, and community spirit.

Early History and Native American Influence

Indigenous Peoples

Before European settlers arrived, the area now known as Garland was inhabited by various Native American tribes, including the Caddo and Comanche. These tribes thrived in the region’s rich natural resources, practicing agriculture, hunting, and trading.

European Exploration

The first European explorers, including Spanish and French adventurers, arrived in the 16th and 17th centuries. They were followed by settlers from the United States in the early 19th century, attracted by the promise of fertile land and new opportunities.

Settlement and Founding of Garland

Early Settlers

In the early 1850s, settlers began to establish homesteads in the area. Among them were families seeking land for farming and raising livestock. The rich soil and ample water supply made the area ideal for agriculture.

Duck Creek and Embree

Two small communities, Duck Creek and Embree, developed around this time. Duck Creek was named after the local creek, while Embree was named after Dr. K. H. Embree, a local physician and landowner. These communities grew independently, each establishing its own schools, churches, and businesses.

The Birth of Garland

In 1887, a dispute arose over the location of a new post office. To resolve the issue, the communities of Duck Creek and Embree merged to form Garland, named after U.S. Attorney General Augustus H. Garland. This merger marked the beginning of a unified community and laid the foundation for future growth.

Growth and Development in the 20th Century

The Arrival of the Railroad

The arrival of the Santa Fe Railroad in the late 19th century was a turning point for Garland. The railroad connected the city to larger markets, facilitating the transport of agricultural products and attracting new businesses. This development spurred rapid growth and increased the city’s economic potential.

Industrialization and Economic Expansion

Early Industry

By the early 20th century, Garland had begun to industrialize. The establishment of the Garland Cotton Mill in 1910 marked the beginning of significant industrial activity. The mill provided jobs for local residents and stimulated economic growth.

WWII and Post-War Boom

During World War II, Garland played a crucial role in supporting the war effort. The city was home to several defense-related industries, including the Southern Aircraft Corporation. After the war, Garland experienced a population boom, with returning soldiers and their families seeking new opportunities.

Suburbanization

The post-war era also saw Garland evolve into a suburban community. The construction of new housing developments and the expansion of infrastructure attracted families from nearby Dallas and beyond. By the 1960s, Garland had firmly established itself as a thriving suburban city.

Cultural and Community Development

Education and Schools

Early Education

Garland’s commitment to education dates back to its early days. The first school, Duck Creek School, was established in the 1850s. Over the years, the community invested in building more schools to accommodate the growing population.

Garland Independent School District

In 1901, the Garland Independent School District (GISD) was formed, consolidating several smaller school districts. GISD has since grown into one of the largest school districts in Texas, known for its diverse programs and commitment to academic excellence.

Parks and Recreation

Garland has always prioritized the well-being of its residents. The establishment of parks and recreational facilities has been a key part of the city’s development. Today, Garland boasts numerous parks, trails, and recreational centers that provide residents with ample opportunities for outdoor activities.

Cultural Institutions

Garland Symphony Orchestra

Founded in 1978, the Garland Symphony Orchestra has become a cornerstone of the city’s cultural scene. The orchestra offers a diverse range of performances, from classical to contemporary, enriching the cultural life of the community.

Granville Arts Center

The Granville Arts Center, opened in 1982, is another cultural gem. This state-of-the-art facility hosts a variety of events, including theater productions, concerts, and art exhibitions, making it a hub for artistic expression in Garland.

Notable Events and Milestones

Major Disasters

1927 Tornado

In 1927, a devastating tornado struck Garland, causing significant damage and loss of life. The community’s resilience in the face of this disaster demonstrated its strength and unity, leading to rebuilding efforts that helped shape the modern city.

2015 Tornado

Garland faced another major disaster on December 26, 2015, when an EF-4 tornado swept through the city. The tornado caused extensive damage to homes and infrastructure, but the community’s response showcased its enduring spirit and commitment to recovery.

Celebrations and Festivals

Garland hosts numerous celebrations and festivals that reflect its rich cultural heritage. Events like the Garland Labor Day Parade, the Christmas on the Square festival, and the Garland Street Fair bring residents together and celebrate the city’s vibrant community spirit.

Modern Garland

Economic Development

Business and Industry

Today, Garland is home to a diverse economy with a mix of manufacturing, retail, and service industries. Major employers include the Kraft Heinz Company, General Dynamics, and the City of Garland itself. The city’s strategic location within the DFW Metroplex continues to attract new businesses and investment.

Infrastructure and Transportation

Garland’s infrastructure has evolved to support its growing population. The city is well-connected by major highways, including Interstate 30 and Interstate 635, as well as public transportation options like the Dallas Area Rapid Transit (DART) system.

Education and Innovation

Garland’s commitment to education and innovation remains strong. The city is home to several higher education institutions, including Richland College Garland Campus, which offers a range of programs designed to meet the needs of local residents and businesses.

Community and Lifestyle

Garland’s diverse population and welcoming atmosphere make it an attractive place to live. The city’s numerous parks, cultural institutions, and community events provide residents with a high quality of life and a strong sense of community.

Notable Figures in Garland’s History

Historic Leaders

Augustus H. Garland

As the namesake of the city, Augustus H. Garland played a symbolic role in its founding. A former U.S. Attorney General, his name was chosen to represent the community’s aspirations and connection to broader national developments.

Mayor Ronald Jones

Ronald Jones, who served as mayor from 2007 to 2013, is another notable figure. His leadership during the economic downturn and efforts to revitalize downtown Garland left a lasting impact on the city.

Influential Residents

LeAnn Rimes

Country music star LeAnn Rimes is one of Garland’s most famous residents. Born in Jackson, Mississippi, she moved to Garland as a child and began her music career here, becoming a Grammy-winning artist and bringing national attention to the city.

Truett Cathy

Truett Cathy, the founder of Chick-fil-A, also has ties to Garland. His innovative approach to the restaurant business and commitment to community values resonate with the city’s spirit of entrepreneurship and service.

Conclusion

Garland, Texas, with its rich history and dynamic community, stands as a testament to the resilience and ingenuity of its residents. From its early days as a small settlement to its current status as a thriving suburban city, Garland’s journey reflects the broader narrative of American growth and development.

The city’s commitment to education, culture, and community continues to shape its future, making Garland a unique and vibrant place to live, work, and visit.